Internal-combustion engine



5. F. SANDELL.

iNTERNAL UUMBUS'HGN mmm. APPUCUDN FILE!) 00h25, 1919.

Patented Sept, 27, i912 l,

2 SHEETS-SHEU 2.

LSQLQSL vhaving a cylinder-10 piston 11 into' which `rod 12, the opposite end of while another collar Aupper portion of the cap-member 19. This latter collar is .NITED `STATES Specification of Letters Patent.

PATENT OFFICE.

.'roHN F. SANDELL, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

l INTERNAL-connusrroN ENGINE. Y

Patented Sept. 27, 1921.

Application le'd October 25, 1919. Serial No. 333,222. d

To all/whom t may concern.' l

Be it known that I, JOHN F. SANDELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, inthe county of Gook and State of lllinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which they following is a specification. hfn My invention relates 5to' internal combustion engines, but is particularly adapted for use with internal combustion engines of the two-cycle type. It is fully described in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a partial vertical section` longitudinally of the cylinder. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing iii-detail a modified form of fuel governing mechanism. Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing part of the governing mechanism in elevation. Fig. 4is a side elevation taken onthe line 4-4 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a partial'sec'tion on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

I have illustrated an embodiment of'my invention in an'l internal combustion engine in which is slidable a is threaded a piston which is connected to 'a cross-head 13, and this by means of a cross-headpin 14 and a connecting rod f 15 to any ordinary form of crank-shaft.

The c. linder 10 is carried on the crank-case etween the crank-case and the cylinder however, is interposed a circular fiange 17, to which is integrally connected a hollow circular guide 18'having guide-ways 18a at each side thereof, in which the'c'ross-head l3is slidable. V

The upper end of the hollow guide' 18 is surmounted` by a cap-member 19 which is preferably screwed'thereon and which has a circular valve-seat 19a which is concentrically located with respect t`o the piston rod 12. A valve 20 is made slidable on the piston rod 12 and has metallic' packing rings 21 therein, soas to provide an air-tight lit between the valve 20 and the piston rod. A collar 22 threaded into the upper portion' of the valve 420v retains these rings in place, 23 is threaded into the spaced some distance above the valve, so as to allow a certainamount of oppositely. disposed to play between the valve 20 and its seat 19.

he upper portion of the cap-member 19 has a series of transverse openings19b therethrough, so that when the valve 19 is raised there is a direct passage formed, whereby a1r may pass from the interior of the hollow guide 18, in to the interior of the piston. d

urroundmg the hollow guide 18 is a circular chamber` 24, which is closed at itsv lower end and communicates through the' passage 25 andthe fuel-mixing passage 26 with the inlet ports 27 at the bottom of the combustion chamber. Exhaust ports 28are the inlet ports and these communicate with the exhaust passage 29. The opening of the passage 25 into the fuelv mixing passage 26 is normally covered by means of a clack-valve 30, which is hingedly mounted at 31 to a block 32 which is made adjustable back and forth by means ofa screw v33, which is adjustable in avslot 34. A plunger 35 rests upon the upper portion of the clack-valve near its pivotal point, and is pressed thereto by means of a spring 36. This plunger is slidable up and down in a pump-chamber which receives fuel through the fuel-supply pipe 38. This pump is supplied by a ball-check valve 39 and forces fuel out through the spray'nozzle 40, which is normally held on itsseat by means of a spring 41. placed in the passage 25 and maybe c'on-v trolled either by hand or by means of a governor. The operation of follows:

' As the y piston ascends, the valve 20 is raised due both to the partial vacuum produced in the space beneath the piston and valve 20 on the piston to the friction of Ithe rod. Air will therefore be drawn in through the openings 19b and as the piston aga-indescends the valve 2O will seat due to gravity,

to the-pressure from within and to the fric` on the piston rod. This vsage 25 some airwill leak around vthe opening underthe valve 30 without materially raising it, thereby 'filling the mixing chamber 26 with nearly pure air.

The throttle 42 isv this engineis as ever, as these inlet ports are uncovered the compressed air in the passages 24, 25 and 26 immediately rush in and the pure air previously mentioned in the passage 2G acts as a` scavenger' for the burned' gases in the cylinder. By this time, however, enough force is applied to the valve 30 that it is raised an appreciable amount, thereby actuating the plunger 35 and causinga charge of fuel to be ejected past the valve 40. The height to which this valve will be raised will depend in a great measure upon the setting of the throttle 42. This charge is taken up by the on-rushing air which carries it through the inlet ports 27 into the interior of the cylinder.

The amount of fuel fed may be adjusted by moving the block 32 back and forth by means of the adjustment of the screw 33 in the slot 34. As this block is moved to' the left a greater movement is accordingly provided between the center of the hinged pin 31 andthe center of the plunger 35. As the piston again rises the inlet and then the exhaust ports are closed and the clack-valve 30 is returned to its seat by gravity and by the action of the spring 36.

In Figs. 2 to 5, I have shown a modified but preferred form of my invention. In this the construction of the piston rod, valve 20, etc., are the same as those shown in Fig. 1, the. principal difference being in the method ofl supplying fuel to the mixing chamber.

The extension 11a of the pist-on engages a plunger 43 at theilowermost point of the piston stroke. This plunger 1s partially vsurrounded by a' yoke 44 which is guided upon apart of the cylinder casting 10a by means of screws 45. The lower ends 44a ofy the yoke 44 are inturned and tapered so as to form tapering shoulders beneath which areslidably mounted wedges 46. Each wedge carries at its. free end a pin 47 which engages a rocker arm 48 which is hingedly .mounted at 49 to an extension 10b of the cylinder casting 10a. The rocker arm 48 is connect/ed by means of a pin 50 and a pushrod 51 with a cam 52, which is carried by the throttle 42a.

The plunger 43 is partof a pump which receives liquid fuel through the intake pipe 53, past the inlet check-valve 54, and delivers it past the check-valves 55 and 56 to the spray nozzle 40, as in the form illustrated in Fig. 1. Air is supplied as before by means of the compression due to the action of the piston 11 which forces air around through the passages 25 and 26 to the combustion chamber of the'engine. Owing to the fact that the plunger 43 is not depressed by the action of the piston until after the inlet port 27 has been uncovered, ,the first airwhich is forced into the engine cylinder.

will contain little, if any, fuel, and as before will act as a scavenger 'for the exhaust gases of. the previous charge. As the piston descends, however, Vthe plunger 43 is depressed and a charge of fuel is sprayed into ,the mixing chamber 26, where it is picked the action of the spring 44a and the relative movement of the plunger 43 is accordingly y restricted. As this movement is shortened `the amount of fuel fed each time is accordingly lessened, so that by a proper adjustment of the parts the amount of'fuel ,fed

each time is accordingly proportioned tothe amount of lair which is allowed to pass the throttle 42a. Upon each actuation of the plunger 43 by vthe piston it is, of course, returned by the spring 43 as far las is permitted by the yoke 44. v

While I have shown and described but two embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that numerous modifications are possible. Changes therefore in the construction and arrangement may be made which ldo not depart from the spirit and scope of my invention as disclosed by the appended claims, in which it is my intention to claim all novelty inherent in my invention as broadly as is possible in view of the prior art.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 4 1. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, means"l for compressing air for said engine cylinder, a passage from said means to said cylinder, a throttlei in said passage, a fuel nozzle in said passage between the throttle and cylinder, and means for ejecting fuel from said nozzle after part of the air in said passage has been` passed into the cylinder.

2. In an internalA combustion engine, means for compressing4 air for said engine cylinder, a passage from said means to said cylinder, a throttle in said passage, a fuel nozzle in said passage between the throttle and cylinder, and means. for ejecting fuel from said nozzle after part of the air in said passagedias passed into the cylinder, i

cylinder, a passage from said means to said cylinder, a throttle insaid passage, a fuel nozzle in said passage between the throttle and cylinder, anda pump plunger operable directly by the piston for ejecting fuel from said nozzle after part of theair in said passage'has passed into the cylinder.

4. In an internal combustion` engine, means for compressing air for said engine cylinder, a passage from said means to said cylinder, a throttle in said passage, a fuel nozzle in said passage between the throttle and cylinder, a pump plunger operable directly by the piston for ejecting fuel -from said nozzle after part of the air in said passage has passed into the cylinder, and means associated with the throttle for controlling the displacement of said pump plunger.

5. In an internal combustion engine,

means for compressing air for said engine. cylmder, a passage from said means to said cylinder, a valve inv said passage, a fuel nozzle in said `passage between said valve and cylinder, and means controlled by the valve Afor controlling ther amount of fuel fed by the nozzle.

6. In an internal combustion engine, means for compressing air for said engine cylinder, a passage from said means to said cylinder, a throttle in saidpassage, a fuel nozzle. in said passage between the throttle and cylinder, and a pump plunger operable directly by the piston for ejecting fuel from said nozzle.

stroke partlally surrounding said tubular member.

JOHN F. sANDELL. 

